As the party invoking federal judicial power, the removing defendant bears the burden of establishing the facts necessary to support Article III standing (with the manner and degree of evidence appropriate to the stage of litigation–which on a motion for remand means taking alleged facts to be true). Here, Experian established plaintiffs’ standing. They alleged that Experian had violated 15 U.S.C. 1681, a part of the Federal Credit Reporting Act that requires credit reporting agencies to disclose to a consumer information the agency holds in its files about the requesting consumer. The opinion holds that the section is not merely procedural but protects interests in privacy and accuracy of credit information. Plaintiffs alleged a material risk of harm through the nondisclosure of personal identifiable information concerning them of which they had no knowledge and could not prevent disclosure due to Experian’s alleged violations.