Google’s use of 11,000 lines of programming code that Oracle’s subsidiary Sun Microsystems had prepared and copyrighted was a fair use and thus not actionable infringement of Oracle’s copyright. The copied lines were “method calls,” essentially a user interface that allows programmers to designate the standard subroutines they wish their program to invoke to perform certain functions. Sun had adopted method calls that were intuitively easy to use and remember. When Google set out to create an application program for its mobile phones using Java script, it re-programmed all the subroutines, but used Sun’s names and method calls for the subroutines since it was easier for programmers to use method calls with which they were familiar from Sun’s application platform for computers. This decision holds that in doing so Google didn’t appropriate Sun’s efforts but rather the third party programmers’ investment in leanring Java method calls. Allowing fair use in this context further the Copyright Act’s goal of spurring invention and innovation.