The litigation privilege (Civ. Code 47(b)) protects contractors that record mechanics liens from slander of title actions. That is true even if the mechanics lien ultimately is shown to have been improperly recorded–as plaintiff here claimed it was because it was the fourth lien recorded after plaintiff had already posted a release bond. Also, plaintiff failed to prove that defendant did not seriously contemplate litigation when it recorded that fourth lien. Defendant’s declaration established that it had recorded the lien based on incorrect legal advice. And, it released that lien shortly after obtaining new counsel. Plaintiff had adequate opportunities to protect its interests by mechanics lien proceedings. It just could not bring a tort action based on the recorded mechanics lien.