Torts, Government Entity, Foreign Sovereign Immunity, Personal Jurisdiction, 5, 6
Under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act, personal jurisdiction exists when an exception to the usual immunity that the Act generally grants to foreign sovereigns and the foreign sovereign is served in the manner prescribed in the Act. There is no additional requirement that the traditional factors outlined in International Shoe v. Washington be satisfied. That is because Congress closely linked immunity exceptions to personal jurisdiction factors. So if an exception to immunity applies, the foreign sovereign will have already conducted activities in or affecting the US in a manner sufficient to allow the US to exercise personal jurisdiction.