Under Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(k)(2), when the plaintiff sues on a federal cause of action and the defendant is not subject to personal jurisdiction in any state’s courts of general jurisdiction, the federal courts may exercise personal jurisdiction over the defendant if it has minimum contacts with the United States as a whole under the same generally applicable tests of general and specific personal jurisdiction. Here, plaintiff sued an Australian company under the Lanham Act for trademark infringement and unfair competition. The court holds that the defendant is subject to specific personal jurisdiction. It directed some of its sales efforts directly and specifically to the United States market and operated a fulfillment center in the United States to supply US and Canadian customers. The plaintiff’s claims arose from the defendant’s marketing its goods int he United States.